7.3.1 Android 文件上传

本节引言

这一节和下一节的文件下载部分性质差不多，先提醒一句：谨慎阅读。现在真实项目里，文件上传这件事，基本很少有人从头手写整套上传逻辑，通常都会直接接入成熟的第三方网络库来处理图片上传，比如android-async-http、okhttp这类方案。另外，七牛也提供了现成的下载和上传API，需要的话可以直接去官网查对应的API文档。这一节本身更适合作为扩展了解，有兴趣看一看就行。

1.项目用到的图片上传的关键方法：

思前想后，还是决定先贴下公司项目中用到的图片上传的核心方法，这里用到一个第三方的库： android-async-http.jar，自己到github下下这个库~然后调用一下下面的方法即可，自己改下url!

上传图片的核心方法如下：

private void sendImage(Bitmap bm)
{
    ByteArrayOutputStream stream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 60, stream);
    byte[] bytes = stream.toByteArray();
    String img = new String(Base64.encodeToString(bytes, Base64.DEFAULT));
    AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
    RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
    params.add("img", img);
    client.post("http:xxx/postIcon", params, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() {
        @Override
        public void onSuccess(int i, Header[] headers, byte[] bytes) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Upload Success!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
        @Override
        public void onFailure(int i, Header[] headers, byte[] bytes, Throwable throwable) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Upload Fail!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    });
}

2.使用HttpConnection上传文件：

简直卧槽...各种设置，各种麻烦...还是建议用1的方法吧，当然，实在太闲可以看看, 有轮子可用还是先别自己造轮子了...

public class SocketHttpRequester   
{  
    /** 
     * 发送xml数据 
     * @param path 请求地址 
     * @param xml xml数据 
     * @param encoding 编码 
     * @return 
     * @throws Exception 
     */  
    public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{  
        byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);  
        URL url = new URL(path);  
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();  
        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");  
        conn.setDoOutput(true);  
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);  
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));  
        conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);  
        OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();  
        outStream.write(data);  
        outStream.flush();  
        outStream.close();  
        if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){  
            return readStream(conn.getInputStream());  
        }  
        return null;  
    }  
/** 
     * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能: 
     *   
 
             
             
             
             
         
 
     * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试， 
     *                  因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) 
     * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 
     * @param file 上传文件 
     */  
    public static boolean post(String path, Map params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception  
    {     
        //数据分隔线  
        final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612";   
        //数据结束标志"---------------------------7da2137580612--"  
        final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--/r/n";  
//下面两个for循环都是为了得到数据长度参数，依据表单的类型而定  
        //首先得到文件类型数据的总长度(包括文件分割线)  
        int fileDataLength = 0;  
        for(FormFile uploadFile : files)  
        {  
            StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();  
            fileExplain.append("--");  
            fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);  
            fileExplain.append("/r/n");  
            fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n");  
            fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n");  
            fileExplain.append("/r/n");  
            fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();  
            if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){  
                fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();  
            }else{  
                fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;  
            }  
        }  
        //再构造文本类型参数的实体数据  
        StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();          
        for (Map.Entry entry : params.entrySet())   
        {    
            textEntity.append("--");  
            textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);  
            textEntity.append("/r/n");  
            textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=/""+ entry.getKey() + "/"/r/n/r/n");  
            textEntity.append(entry.getValue());  
            textEntity.append("/r/n");  
        }  
//计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度(文本总长度+数据总长度+分隔符)  
        int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength +  endline.getBytes().length;  
URL url = new URL(path);  
        //默认端口号其实可以不写  
        int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();  
        //建立一个Socket链接  
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);  
        //获得一个输出流（从Android流到web）  
        OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();  
        //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送  
        String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1/r/n";  
        outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());  
        //构建accept  
        String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwa ve-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*/r/n";  
        outStream.write(accept.getBytes());  
        //构建language  
        String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN/r/n";  
        outStream.write(language.getBytes());  
        //构建contenttype  
        String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "/r/n";  
        outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());  
        //构建contentlength  
        String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "/r/n";  
        outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());  
        //构建alive  
        String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive/r/n";          
        outStream.write(alive.getBytes());  
        //构建host  
        String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"/r/n";  
        outStream.write(host.getBytes());  
        //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行  
        outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes());  
        //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来  
        outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());           
//把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来  
        for(FormFile uploadFile : files)  
        {  
            StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();  
            fileEntity.append("--");  
            fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);  
            fileEntity.append("/r/n");  
            fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n");  
            fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n");  
            outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());  
            //边读边写  
            if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null)  
            {  
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];  
                int len = 0;  
                while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1)  
                {  
                    outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);  
                }  
                uploadFile.getInStream().close();  
            }  
            else  
            {  
                outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);  
            }  
            outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes());  
        }  
        //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束  
        outStream.write(endline.getBytes());          
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));  
        //读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败  
        if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1)  
        {  
            return false;  
        }  
        outStream.flush();  
        outStream.close();  
        reader.close();  
        socket.close();  
        return true;  
    }  
/**  
     * 提交数据到服务器  
     * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)  
     * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值  
     * @param file 上传文件  
     */  
    public static boolean post(String path, Map params, FormFile file) throws Exception  
    {  
       return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});  
    }  
    /** 
     * 提交数据到服务器 
     * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) 
     * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 
     * @param encode 编码 
     */  
    public static byte[] postFromHttpClient(String path, Map params, String encode) throws Exception  
    {  
        //用于存放请求参数  
        List formparams = new ArrayList();  
        for(Map.Entry entry : params.entrySet())  
        {  
            formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));  
        }  
        UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, encode);  
        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path);  
        httppost.setEntity(entity);  
        //看作是浏览器  
        HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();  
        //发送post请求    
        HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);     
        return readStream(response.getEntity().getContent());  
    }  
    /** 
     * 发送请求 
     * @param path 请求路径 
     * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名称 value为参数值 
     * @param encode 请求参数的编码 
     */  
    public static byte[] post(String path, Map params, String encode) throws Exception  
    {  
        //String params = "method=sa ve&name="+ URLEncoder.encode("老毕", "UTF-8")+ "&age=28&";//需要发送的参数  
        StringBuilder parambuilder = new StringBuilder("");  
        if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty())  
        {  
            for(Map.Entry entry : params.entrySet())  
            {  
                parambuilder.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")  
                    .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encode)).append("&");  
            }  
            parambuilder.deleteCharAt(parambuilder.length()-1);  
        }  
        byte[] data = parambuilder.toString().getBytes();  
        URL url = new URL(path);  
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();  
        //设置允许对外发送请求参数  
        conn.setDoOutput(true);  
        //设置不进行缓存  
        conn.setUseCaches(false);  
        conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);  
        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");  
        //下面设置http请求头  
        conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwa ve-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");  
        conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");  
        conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");  
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");  
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));  
        conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");  
//发送参数  
        DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());  
        outStream.write(data);//把参数发送出去  
        outStream.flush();  
        outStream.close();  
        if(conn.getResponseCode()==200)  
        {  
            return readStream(conn.getInputStream());  
        }  
        return null;  
    }  
/**  
     * 读取流  
     * @param inStream  
     * @return 字节数组  
     * @throws Exception  
     */  
    public static byte[] readStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception  
    {  
        ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();  
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];  
        int len = -1;  
        while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1)  
        {  
            outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);  
        }  
        outSteam.close();  
        inStream.close();  
        return outSteam.toByteArray();  
    }  
}  

偶然发现一篇以前转载的，可以搭配着上面的看看...：使用HttpConnection上传mp3文件

本节小结：

本节还是直接无视吧...关于文件上传等进阶部分直接教大家用第三方算了，项目中需要用到 第三方直接复制1的代码，导入个android-async-http即可！